Simon Baron-Cohen holds the theory that pathological altruists may be those that are on the empathy/systemizing spectrum that is at the diametrically opposite extreme of those who suffer from autism.
Baron-Cohen writes in Pathological Altruism, p. 345, that:
It is thought that children with autism and Aspberger syndrome may...[have]difficulty in understanding other's emotions [but have] strengths in assimilating narrow areas of interests...even superior skill in systemizing...[On the other hand, there may be those] who have below-average systemizing [skills] alongside...superior empathy...The individual with an extreme type E profile has difficulties systemizing, and this may mean that occupations such as engineering and mathematics would be avoided...They may well be more likely to empathize with others difficulties, and take on other people's problems more than others might. Whether such "altruism" might become pathological would need to be investigated...At one extreme are individuals who are so self-centered that their altruism is minimal, and at the other extreme are individuals who devote most of their time and attention to others rather than to themselves.
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